fio

fio - I/O benchmark and stress test
测试
- IOPS - 一般 4k-64k 随机
- 吞吐 - 一般 512k+ 顺序
fio - HOWTO
fio - Read the Docs
IOPS - Wikipedia
- HDD IOPS usually 55-180
- SSD IOPS usually 3,000 – 40,000
Fio Output Explained
IO Plumbing tests with FIO
fio - Flexible I/O Tester Synthetic Benchmark
linux.die.net/man/1/fio

opt	mean
filename	文件名
directory	文件目录
name	Job 名字
direct	true 无 io buffer
engine	执行引擎
iodepth	异步 ioengine 一批提交的单元数
rw	读写模式
bs	Block size - 默认 4k
size	Job 处理的文件大小
numjobs	Job/线程数
time_based	优先满足 runtime 而不是 size
runtime	运行时长
group_reporting	numjobs 时分组显示
parse-only	只解析选项，不执行
section	执行配置中的指定 section

engine
- sync: 同步，操作等待完成
- psync: 默认
- io_uring
- libaio: Linux AIO
- http, mtd, nbd, libiscsi, nfs
iodepth
- Number of I/O units to keep in flight regarding async engine
- = queue depth
- Effectiveness depends on engine
rw
- read, write, trim
- randread, randwrite, randtrim
- rw, readwrite (mixed, default 50/50), randrw
- trimwrite

caution

numjobs 不要超过 nproc

apk add fio

fio --name=sync-4k-w -direct=1 --bs=4k -ioengine sync --numjobs=1 --runtime=60 --size=100m -rw=randwrite
fio --name=sync-4k-r -direct=1 --bs=4k -ioengine sync --numjobs=1 --runtime=60 --size=100m -rw=randread

fio --name=sync-512k-w -direct=1 --bs=512k -ioengine sync --numjobs=1 --runtime=60 --size=100m -rw=randwrite --time_based
fio --name=sync-512k-r -direct=1 --bs=512k -ioengine sync --numjobs=1 --runtime=60 --size=100m -rw=randread --time_based

# 4k 100% Read or 100% Write 100% 4k
fio --filename=/data/test --direct=1 --rw=randrw --refill_buffers --norandommap --randrepeat=0 --bs=4k --size=2g --rwmixread=100 --iodepth=16 --numjobs=16 --runtime=60 --group_reporting --name=4ktest

# 8k 70/30 70% Read, 30% Write 100% 8k
fio --filename=/data/test --rw=randrw --refill_buffers --norandommap --randrepeat=0 --bs=8k --rwmixread=70 --size=2g --iodepth=16 --numjobs=16 --runtime=60 --group_reporting --name=8k7030test

# 测试随机写IOPS
fio -direct=1 -iodepth=128 -rw=randwrite -ioengine=libaio -bs=4k -size=10G -numjobs=1 -runtime=1000 -group_reporting -name=/path/testfile
# 测试随机读IOPS
fio -direct=1 -iodepth=128 -rw=randread -ioengine=libaio -bs=4k -size=10G -numjobs=1 -runtime=1000 -group_reporting -name=/path/testfile
# 测试写吞吐量
fio -direct=1 -iodepth=64 -rw=randwrite -ioengine=libaio -bs=64k -size=10G -numjobs=1 -runtime=1000 -group_reporting -name=/path/testfile
# 测试读吞吐量
fio -direct=1 -iodepth=64 -rw=randread -ioengine=libaio -bs=64k -size=10G -numjobs=1 -runtime=1000 -group_reporting -name=/path/testfile

# fio -iodepth=1 -numjobs=1 -direct=1 -rw=randwrite
fio --name=randwrite --ioengine=libaio --iodepth=1 --rw=randwrite --bs=4k --direct=0 --size=512M --numjobs=2 --runtime=240 --group_reporting

# Sequential Reads – Async mode – 8K block size – Direct IO – 100% Reads
fio --name=seqread --rw=read --direct=1 --ioengine=libaio --bs=8k --numjobs=8 --size=1G --runtime=600 --group_reporting
# Sequential Writes – Async mode – 32K block size – Direct IO – 100% Writes
fio --name=seqwrite --rw=write --direct=1 --ioengine=libaio --bs=32k --numjobs=4 --size=2G --runtime=600 --group_reporting
# Random Reads – Async mode – 8K block size – Direct IO – 100% Reads
fio --name=randread --rw=randread --direct=1 --ioengine=libaio --bs=8k --numjobs=16 --size=1G --runtime=600 --group_reporting
# Random Writes – Async mode – 64K block size – Direct IO – 100% Writes
fio --name=randwrite --rw=randwrite --direct=1 --ioengine=libaio --bs=64k --numjobs=8 --size=512m --runtime=600 --group_reporting
# Random Read/Writes – Async mode – 16K block size – Direct IO – 90% Reads/10% Writes
fio --name=randrw --rw=randrw --direct=1 --ioengine=libaio --bs=16k --numjobs=8 --rwmixread=90 --size=1G --runtime=600 --group_reporting

iodepth vs numjobs

https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/459142/47774

A sequential job with iodepth=2 will submit two sequential IO requests at a time. A sequential job with numjobs=2 will have two threads, each submitting sequential IO.

fio​

iodepth vs numjobs​

fio

iodepth vs numjobs