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Alpine 运维笔记

lsblk --output NAME,SIZE,VENDOR,FSTYPE,LABEL,UUID,MODE         # 查看磁盘硬盘
lsblk -x NAME --output NAME,SIZE,VENDOR,FSTYPE,LABEL,UUID,MODE # 使用 NAME 排序

apk add wpa_supplicant e2fsprogs-extra

# 基础工具
apk add bash tar util-linux iproute2 curl busybox-extras file nano libc6-compat gcompat

bash​

# Bash
apk add shadow bash
usermod --shell /bin/bash admin
# 该步骤要求输入密码
# chsh root -s /bin/bash

# 补全
apk add bash-completion
# 加载补全
source /etc/profile.d/bash_completion.sh

替换 apk 仓库镜像​

echo "http://mirrors.sjtug.sjtu.edu.cn/alpine/v$(sed -n 's/\.\d\+$//p' /etc/alpine-release)/main
http://mirrors.sjtug.sjtu.edu.cn/alpine/v$(sed -n 's/\.\d\+$//p' /etc/alpine-release)/community" > /etc/apk/repositories
apk update

manpages​

apk add --no-cache man man-pages mdocml-apropos less less-doc
export PAGER=less

# 安装和查看
apk add --no-cache curl-doc
man curl

# 或者直接使用 docker 便于查文档
docker run --rm -it wener/base:man
# 可以安装映射到主机
docker run --rm -it -v $PWD/man:/usr/share/man wener/base:man

基础运维​

# 基础工具
apk add nano file grep htop rsync curl openssl

# 简化链接
apk add tmux mosh

# sshrc - https://github.com/Russell91/sshrc
# 依赖包
apk add vim tar coreutils openssl

# 证书
# /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt

# 系统信息
apk add neofetch

系统运维​

# 常用工具
apk add util-linux
# 扩展工具
apk add blkid cfdisk findmnt mcookie setpriv sfdisk
# 补全
apk add util-linux-bash-completion

# 信息查询工具
apk add lsof

硬件运维​

apk add pciutils
apk add usbutils
apk add parted
apk add ddrescue

# dmidecode ownership vpddecode biosdecode
apk add dmidecode

setup-disk​

# 制作系统盘
# swap 0
setup-disk -m sys -s 0 -v /dev/sda

# ==========
# 新系统检查项
# ==========
# 修改主机名
setup-hostname -n alpine-test
/etc/init.d/hostname --quiet restart
nano /etc/hosts

# 修改网络地址
nano /etc/network/interfaces

本地仓库​

ARCH=$(apk print --print-arch)
REPO=$PWD/repo
mkdir -p $REPO/$ARCH
apk fetch -vRo $REPO/$ARCH nano
# 可以指定仓库
apk fetch -vRo $REPO/$ARCH -X http://mirrors.aliyun.com/alpine/edge/main --no-cache linux-firmware-brcm

# 创建索引
# 这里的 APKINDEX 是未签名的
apk index -o $REPO/$ARCH/APKINDEX.tar.gz $REPO/$ARCH/*.apk
apk -X $REPO update --allow-untrust
apk -X $REPO search --allow-untrust nano

容器​

# Docker
apk add docker
rc-update add docker

磁盘扩展​

# 扩展分区
# 假设分区结构为: boot,swap,root,空闲
# 删除最后一个分区, 再创建最后一个分区, 确保起点位置不变
# F 可以看到空余空间
# 手动分区
# fdisk /dev/sda
# 或直接分区
apk add util-linux
echo -e 'd\n\nn\n\n\n\n\n\np\nw\n' | fdisk /dev/sda

# 重启
# 不重启应该也是可以的 - ext4 支持在线扩容
# reboot

# 扩展文件系统
apk add e2fsprogs-extra
resize2fs /dev/sda2

# 检查结果
df -h /

# parted 也可以
parted /dev/sdb resize 1 1 200M
parted /dev/sdb resizepart 1 400M
resize2fs /dev/sdb1 400M

udev​

# 设置 /dev/disk
apk add udev-init-scripts
# OpenRC compatible fork of systemd-udev
apk add eudev
# init: udev udev-trigger udev-postmount udev-settle
rc-update add udev sysinit
rc-update add udev-trigger sysinit

# 如果想要立即启用
rc-service udev start
rc-service udev-trigger start

udevadm trigger

# 该包会影响网卡名字
# 会添加 /lib/udev/rules.d/80-net-name-slot.rules
# 需要参数 net.ifnames=0 来关闭
# 大多数时候不需要
# apk add eudev-netifnames

# 所有定义的规则
udevadm info --export-db

zfs​

  • 先安装 udev 环境
  • 使用 zfs 时最好使用 uuid, 因为名字可能会发生变化
  • 0.6 时, 导致直接系统重启
  • 0.6 的 init 不是 openrc 的脚本, 启动会警告
apk add zfs zfs-{scripts,udev}
# 区分 lts, virt
apk add zfs-lts
# 加载内核模块
modprobe zfs
echo zfs > /etc/modules-load.d/zfs

# init: zfs-import zfs-mount zfs-share zfs-zed
rc-update add zfs-import sysinit
rc-update add zfs-mount sysinit

# 立即启动
rc-service zfs-import start
rc-service zfs-mount start

# 检测是否正常
zpool status

# 查看磁盘量
parted --list
# 查看现有磁盘 UUID
# 依赖于 udev
# 一般会有 ata, scsi, wwn 前缀之类
ls -lh /dev/disk/by-id/
# 只看主盘
ls -lh /dev/disk/by-id/ | grep 'sd.$'

# -f 强制创建, 避免 Does not contain an EFI label 错误
# -o ashift=12 使用高级磁盘格式
# -m /mnt/data 指定挂载点, 不指定则默认挂载为 /<pool>
# p1 Pool 的名字
# raidz 使用 RADI-Z 冗余
zpool create -f -o ashift=12 -m /mnt/data p1 \
  raidz \
  ata-VBOX_HARDDISK_VB63cffc10-3a66b288 \
  ata-VBOX_HARDDISK_VBfb21373d-56cc6c57 \
  ata-VBOX_HARDDISK_VB91ae7aad-d4a73895

# 查看状态
zpool status

#   pool: p1
#  state: ONLINE
#   scan: none requested
# config:
#
# 	NAME                                       STATE     READ WRITE CKSUM
# 	p1                                         ONLINE       0     0     0
# 	  raidz1-0                                 ONLINE       0     0     0
# 	    ata-VBOX_HARDDISK_VB63cffc10-3a66b288  ONLINE       0     0     0
# 	    ata-VBOX_HARDDISK_VBfb21373d-56cc6c57  ONLINE       0     0     0
# 	    ata-VBOX_HARDDISK_VB91ae7aad-d4a73895  ONLINE       0     0     0
#
# errors: No known data errors

# 此时可以重启测试看看 pool 是否还在

zpool status -x

# 将 scrub 作为周期性任务
# 一般一两周一次, 至少一月一次
echo '#!/bin/sh -
zpool scrub main
' > /etc/periodic/monthly/zfs-scrub
chmod +x /etc/periodic/monthly/zfs-scrub
service crond start
rc-update add crond

# 测试 crond
# busybox 的 run-parts 功能较少
apk add run-parts
run-parts /etc/periodic/monthly -v --report

uninstall zfs​

# 销毁使用的 pool
zpool destroy pool

# 停止 service
rc-service zfs-import stop
rc-service zfs-mount stop

# 移除 init
rc-update del zfs-import sysinit
rc-update del zfs-mount sysinit

# 移除内核模块
modprobe -r zfs

btrfs​

# 辅助程序
apk add btrfs-progs
apk add btrfs-progs-extra
# 补全
apk add btrfs-progs-bash-completion

# 加载内核模块
modprobe btrfs
# 确保启动时加载
echo btrfs >> /etc/modules

# 加载模块后会生成, 如果没有可以手动创建
# mknod /dev/btrfs-control c 10 234

# -M 混合元数据和数据, 适用于小数据, 数据大了过后磁盘布局不可预见
# -L 指定标签
# -U 可手动指定 UUID, 避免修改 fstab
# -O 指定特性
mkfs.btrfs --help

# 查看支持的特性
mkfs.btrfs -O list-all
# mixed-bg            - mixed data and metadata block groups (0x4, compat=2.6.37, safe=2.6.37)
# extref              - increased hardlink limit per file to 65536 (0x40, compat=3.7, safe=3.12, default=3.12)
# raid56              - raid56 extended format (0x80, compat=3.9)
# skinny-metadata     - reduced-size metadata extent refs (0x100, compat=3.10, safe=3.18, default=3.18)
# no-holes            - no explicit hole extents for files (0x200, compat=3.14, safe=4.0)

# a.b.c.d 做 raid 1
# 这几个设备的 uuid 会变成一样
mkfs.btrfs -d raid1 -m raid1 /dev/sd{a,b,c,d}

# 此时可以将任意一个设备进行挂载
mount /dev/sda /mnt/main/

# 设备扫描
btrfs device scan
# 查看文件系统
btrfs filesystem show
# 查看使用量
btrfs fi df /data

# 执行 scrub
# https://btrfs.wiki.kernel.org/index.php/Manpage/btrfs-scrub
# 结果会存储于 /var/lib/btrfs/
btrfs sc start /data
# 查看执行状态
btrfs sc status /data

# 执行 check
# check or repair a btrfs filesystem
# https://btrfs.wiki.kernel.org/index.php/Manpage/btrfs-check
# 不建议执行在线检测

# 自动挂载需要修改 /etc/fstab
echo "UUID=$(blkid -s UUID -o value /dev/sda) /data btrfs defaults 0 0" >> /etc/fstab

failed to read the system array​

  • 会导致启动时挂载失败
[ 1985.671707] BTRFS info (device sde): disk space caching is enabled
[ 1985.671712] BTRFS info (device sde): has skinny extents
[ 1985.675608] BTRFS error (device sde): failed to read the system array: -5
[ 1985.731217] BTRFS error (device sde): open_ctree failed
# 从新扫描后挂载
btrfs dev scan
mount -a

# 如果还不行可以尝试
btrfs rescue zero-log /dev/sde
mount -a

networking​

  • auto
    • try to ip link set <dev> up at boot. Best choice for anything PCIe/SoC.
  • allow-hotplug
    • for kernel+drivers+udev to detect the device, then ip link set <dev> up it. The only thing that can deal with annoying USB, SDIO, etc.
apk add ethtool
# 支持更多的参数
apk add ifupdown
apk add iftop
# 支持 -v
apk add run-parts
apk add iproute2
# A utility to ping multiple hosts at once
# http://fping.org/
apk add fping
# 设置地址和掩码
ifconfig eth1 192.168.8.182 netmask 255.255.252.0
# 实际调用
# 这里的 run-parts 可能是 busybox 的 run-parts, 不支持 -v, 建议额外安装
# run-parts --exit-on-error --verbose /etc/network/if-pre-up.d
# ip addr add 192.168.8.182/255.255.252.0 broadcast 192.168.11.255 	  dev eth1 label eth1
ifup -v eth1
# 一个网卡, 多个网关
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
    address 10.1.248.11
    netmask 255.255.255.0
    up ip route add default via 10.1.248.1 dev eth0  metric 100
    up ip route add default via 10.1.248.3 dev eth0  metric 200

# 一个网卡, 多个地址
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
  address aaa.aaa.aaa.aaa
  netmask 255.255.254.0
  gateway bbb.bbb.bbb.bbb
  dns-nameservers ccc.ccc.ccc.ccc ddd.ddd.ddd.ddd eee.eee.eee.eee
  dns-search vps-number.com
  # 或者
  up ip addr add fff.fff.fff.fff/prefixlen dev eth0

auto eth0:0
iface eth0:0 inet static
  address fff.fff.fff.fff
  netmask 255.255.254.0

network benchmark​

apk add iperf3 iptraf-ng iftop

iperf3 -s
iperf3 -c HOST

init​

  • openrc
  • /etc/conf.d/localmount
    • 可配置强制挂载点

iscsi​

http://scst.sourceforge.net/

# An administration shell for storage targets
# init: targetcli
# bin: targetcli
# apk add targetcli

# ISCSI target for SCST - userspace tools
# apk add iscsi-scst

# High performance, transport independent, multi-platform iSCSI initiator
# init: iscsid
# bin: iscsi_discovery, iscsiadm, iscsi-iname
# sbin: iscsid, iscsistart
# conf:
#   /etc/iscsi/initiatorname.iscsi
#   /etc/iscsi/iscsid.conf
#   /etc/iscsi/ifaces/iface
apk add open-iscsi

stress​

stress --vm-bytes $(awk '/MemFree/{printf "%d\n", $2 * 0.9;}' < /proc/meminfo)k --vm-keep -m 1
stress --vm-bytes $(awk '/MemFree/{printf "%d\n", $2 * 0.097;}' < /proc/meminfo)k --vm-keep -m 10

disk​

  • badblocks
  • e2fsprogs-extra
apk add cdrkit
# 检测 iso 是否可启动
# 结果中会包含 El Torito 信息
# https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/El_Torito_(CD-ROM_standard)
isoinfo -d -i is_it_bootable.iso

# burn iso
pv spp-2016.10.0.iso | dd bs=4M of=/dev/sdd

QEMU​

If you want to run VM as unprivileged user and let Qemu create tunX devices, then you must add that user to the group "qemu". If you use KVM for hardware-assisted virtualization, then you may also need to add that user to the group "kvm".

https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/QEMU_(简体中文)

https://allyourco.de/running-vmware-esxi-under-qemu-kvm/

kvm​

# 基础
apk add qemu-system-x86_64 libvirt
# 32 位
apk add qemu-system-i386
# 如果需要 GUI 管理
apk add libvirt-daemon dbus polkit
# 如果想用其他磁盘格式
apk add qemu-img
# 启用内核模块
modprobe kvm-intel
echo kvm-intel >> /etc/modules
# 如果是 AMD
# modprobe kvm-amd

# 开机启用
rc-update add libvirtd
rc-update add dbus

# KVM 默认会桥接 NAT, 如果想使用默认的网络配置, 需要加载 tun 模块
modprobe tun

# 添加用户到分组
addgroup $USER kvm
addgroup $USER qemu
addgroup $USER libvirt

virtual-disk​

modprobe nbd max_part=16
# 链接
qemu-nbd -c /dev/nbd0 image.qcow2
partprobe /dev/nbd0
# 挂载
mount /dev/nbd0p1 /mnt/image

umount /mnt/image

# 断开连接
qemu-nbd -c /dev/nbd0

ftp​

apk add vsftp
# 修改配置
nano /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
# 最简配置, 允许匿名操作
cp /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf.old
echo "
anonymous_enable=YES
write_enable=YES
anon_upload_enable=YES
anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES
dirmessage_enable=YES
xferlog_enable=YES
xferlog_file=/dev/stdout
connect_from_port_20=YES
ftpd_banner=Welcome to wener FTP service.
listen=YES
background=NO
" > /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf

lvm​

apk add lvm2
modprobe dm-mod

# 扫描逻辑分组
vgscan
# 激活
vgchange -ay SangomaVG
lvs
# 挂载
mount /dev/SangomaVG/root /mnt/data

libguestfs​

guestfish: guest filesystem shell
guestfish lets you edit virtual machine filesystems
Copyright (C) 2009-2016 Red Hat Inc.
Usage:
  guestfish [--options] cmd [: cmd : cmd ...]
Options:
  -h|--cmd-help        List available commands
  -h|--cmd-help cmd    Display detailed help on 'cmd'
  -a|--add image       Add image
  -c|--connect uri     Specify libvirt URI for -d option
  --csh                Make --listen csh-compatible
  -d|--domain guest    Add disks from libvirt guest
  --echo-keys          Don't turn off echo for passphrases
  -f|--file file       Read commands from file
  --format[=raw|..]    Force disk format for -a option
  -i|--inspector       Automatically mount filesystems
  --keys-from-stdin    Read passphrases from stdin
  --listen             Listen for remote commands
  --live               Connect to a live virtual machine
  -m|--mount dev[:mnt[:opts[:fstype]]]
                       Mount dev on mnt (if omitted, /)
  --network            Enable network
  -N|--new [filename=]type
                       Create prepared disk (test<N>.img or filename)
  -n|--no-sync         Don't autosync
  --no-dest-paths      Don't tab-complete paths from guest fs
  --pipe-error         Pipe commands can detect write errors
  --progress-bars      Enable progress bars even when not interactive
  --no-progress-bars   Disable progress bars
  --remote[=pid]       Send commands to remote guestfish
  -r|--ro              Mount read-only
  --selinux            Enable SELinux support
  -v|--verbose         Verbose messages
  -V|--version         Display version and exit
  -w|--rw              Mount read-write
  -x                   Echo each command before executing it

To examine a disk image, ISO, hard disk, filesystem etc:
  guestfish [--ro|--rw] -i -a /path/to/disk.img
or
  guestfish [--ro|--rw] -i -d name-of-libvirt-domain

--ro recommended to avoid any writes to the disk image.  If -i option fails
run again without -i and use 'run' + 'list-filesystems' + 'mount' cmds.

For more information, see the manpage guestfish(1).

acf​

crond​

  • 实际执行时使用的 run-parts
  • busybox 自带的 run-parts 功能较少, 可额外安装
echo 'CRON_OPTS="-c /etc/crontabs -L /var/log/crond.log -l 6"' > /etc/conf.d/crond
rc-update add crond
rc-service crond restart
BusyBox v1.26.2 (2017-10-04 13:37:41 GMT) multi-call binary.

Usage: run-parts [-a ARG]... [-u UMASK] [--reverse] [--test] [--exit-on-error] DIRECTORY

Run a bunch of scripts in DIRECTORY

	-a ARG		Pass ARG as argument to scripts
	-u UMASK	Set UMASK before running scripts
	--reverse	Reverse execution order
	--test		Dry run
	--exit-on-error	Exit if a script exits with non-zero
Usage: run-parts [OPTION]... DIRECTORY
      --test          print script names which would run, but don't run them.
      --list          print names of all valid files (can not be used with
                      --test)
  -v, --verbose       print script names before running them.
      --report        print script names if they produce output.
      --reverse       reverse execution order of scripts.
      --exit-on-error exit as soon as a script returns with a non-zero exit
                      code.
      --lsbsysinit    validate filenames based on LSB sysinit specs.
      --new-session   run each script in a separate process session
      --regex=PATTERN validate filenames based on POSIX ERE pattern PATTERN.
  -u, --umask=UMASK   sets umask to UMASK (octal), default is 022.
  -a, --arg=ARGUMENT  pass ARGUMENT to scripts, use once for each argument.
  -V, --version       output version information and exit.
  -h, --help          display this help and exit.

wireguard​

  • 3.8 还没有，需要使用 edge
qemu-img create -f raw edge-virt.raw 300M
wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/alpine/v3.8/releases/x86_64/alpine-virt-3.8.2-x86_64.iso
qemu-system-x86_64 -m 2g -hda edge-virt.raw -net nic -net user,hostfwd=tcp::2222-:22 -cdrom alpine-virt-3.8.2-x86_64.iso -boot d

# Setup VM
setup-interfaces
rc-service networking restart
setup-sshd -c openssh
echo 'PermitRootLogin yes' >> /etc/ssh/sshd_config
echo root:root | chpasswd
rc-service sshd restart

# From Host
ssh-keygen -R [127.0.0.1]:2222
ssh root@127.0.0.1 -p 2222

echo "http://mirrors.aliyun.com/alpine/edge/main
http://mirrors.aliyun.com/alpine/edge/community
http://mirrors.aliyun.com/alpine/edge/testing" >> /etc/apk/repositories
apk update

ERASE_DISKS=/dev/sda setup-disk -m sys -s 0 /dev/sda
poweroff

FAQ​

ip: ioctl 0x8913 failed: no such device​

  • 可能是网卡名字发生了改变

恢复网卡名字​

  • 安装 udev 后可能会出现, 因为 udev 可能会进行重命名
  • 此时 eth0 可能就不存在了, 此时可能名字为 enp0s3 这样的
  • 在 udev 中改变 if name 的为独立包, eudev-netifnames, 将该包移除即可
    • /lib/udev/rules.d/80-net-name-slot.rules
# 查看网络设备名
cat /proc/net/dev

# 查看网络控制器
lspci | egrep -i --color 'network|ethernet'
# 查看网络相关硬件
lshw -class network

ifconfig -a
ip link show
ip a

文件系统变成了只读​

  • 看看 /etc/fstab 的 UUID 是否有多的,错误的或重复的
  • 使用 df 查看当前挂载设备
  • blkid 查看设备 UUID
  • 从新挂载为读写 mount -rw -o remount UUID=<正确的 UUID> /
  • 修改 /etc/fstab
  • 重启

find: /sys/module/pcc_cpufreq​

  • 查看 linux/cpufreq

traps: rc-status[3854] general protection​

[ 6921.149981] traps: rc-status[3854] general protection ip:7ca2e00baa1b sp:7ecdf01d7038 error:0
[ 6921.149987]  in ld-musl-x86_64.so.1[7ca2e009d000+89000]
[ 6921.150003] grsec: From 192.168.11.29: Segmentation fault occurred at            (nil) in /bin/rc-status[rc-status:3854] uid/euid:0/0 gid/egid:0/0, parent /bin/bash[bash:3570] uid/euid:0/0 gid/egid:0/0
[ 6921.150020] grsec: From 192.168.11.29: denied resource overstep by requesting 4096 for RLIMIT_CORE against limit 0 for /bin/rc-status[rc-status:3854] uid/euid:0/0 gid/egid:0/0, parent /bin/bash[bash:3570] uid/euid:0/0 gid/egid:0/0
# 生成转储的异常为 denied resource overstep by requesting 4096 for RLIMIT_CORE against limit 0
# 查看当前的 limit
ulimit -a
# 配置文件
cat /etc/security/limits.conf
# RLIMIT_CORE = 0 说明不能创建转储
# 针对当前会话设置, 再次调用时会生成 core 文件
ulimit -c 4096

RLIMIT_AS //进程的最大虚内存空间，字节为单位。 RLIMIT_CORE //内核转存文件的最大长度。 RLIMIT_CPU //最大允许的 CPU 使用时间，秒为单位。当进程达到软限制，内核将给其发送 SIGXCPU 信号，这一信号的默认行为是终止进程的执行。然而，可以捕捉信号，处理句柄可将控制返回给主程序。如果进程继续耗费 CPU 时间，核心会以每秒一次的频率给其发送 SIGXCPU 信号，直到达到硬限制，那时将给进程发送 SIGKILL 信号终止其执行。 RLIMIT_DATA //进程数据段的最大值。 RLIMIT_FSIZE //进程可建立的文件的最大长度。如果进程试图超出这一限制时，核心会给其发送 SIGXFSZ 信号，默认情况下将终止进程的执行。 RLIMIT_LOCKS //进程可建立的锁和租赁的最大值。 RLIMIT_MEMLOCK //进程可锁定在内存中的最大数据量，字节为单位。 RLIMIT_MSGQUEUE //进程可为 POSIX 消息队列分配的最大字节数。 RLIMIT_NICE //进程可通过 setpriority() 或 nice()调用设置的最大完美值。 RLIMIT_NOFILE //指定比进程可打开的最大文件描述词大一的值，超出此值，将会产生 EMFILE 错误。 RLIMIT_NPROC //用户可拥有的最大进程数。 RLIMIT_RTPRIO //进程可通过 sched_setscheduler 和 sched_setparam 设置的最大实时优先级。 RLIMIT_SIGPENDING //用户可拥有的最大挂起信号数。 RLIMIT_STACK //最大的进程堆栈，以字节为单位。

  • ip addr add 时出现
  • usually indicates that a route already exists and you are trying to add it again.
  • rtnetlink.7
    • Linux IPv4 routing socket
  • 网络启停时是依据 /var/run/ifstate 中的 if 状态进行操作
  • 如果一开始停止失败, 那么就会导致启动是会, 导致实际的 if 状态和 ifstate 中的状态不一致
  • Two Default Gateways on One System
  • inetfaces 中只能指定一条 gateway
    • 如果指定了多条会出现该异常
  • Linux Advanced Routing & Traffic Control
# 例如
ip addr add 192.168.8.182/255.255.252.0 broadcast 192.168.8.255 dev eth1 label eth1
# 此时可以尝试
ip addr flush dev eth1
# 查看实际操作
strace -e open ifup eth1
# 直接添加 eth1=eth1
nano /var/run/ifstate
# 然后就可以正常操作 ifup 和 ifdown 了

grsec: time set by /sbin/hwclock[hwclock:2863]​

[   14.977686] grsec: time set by /sbin/hwclock[hwclock:2863] uid/euid:0/0 gid/egid:0/0, parent /lib/rc/sh/openrc-run.sh[openrc-run.sh:2838] uid/euid:0/0 gid/egid:0/0

node docker seg fault​

PHP 下 iconv 有问题​

Alpine 下 PHP 的 iconv 有问题 https://github.com/docker-library/php/issues/428 https://github.com/docker-library/php/issues/240

apk add --no-cache gnu-libiconv --repository http://mirrors.aliyun.com/alpine/edge/testing
LD_PRELOAD=/usr/lib/preloadable_libiconv.so php
# 或
export LD_PRELOAD="/usr/lib/preloadable_libiconv.so php"
RUN apk add gnu-libiconv --no-cache --repository mirrors.aliyun.com/alpine/edge/testing
ENV LD_PRELOAD /usr/lib/preloadable_libiconv.so php

rc-status sysinit 异常​

启动分区修复​

  1. mbr 坏了但分区是好的
dd bs=440 conv=notrunc count=1 if=/usr/share/syslinux/mbr.bin of=/dev/sdc
  1. 启动分区坏了
# 查看分区信息
file -s /dev/sdc1

TBD​

[    0.013013] DMAR-IR: This system BIOS has enabled interrupt remapping
               on a chipset that contains an erratum making that
               feature unstable.  To maintain system stability
               interrupt remapping is being disabled.  Please
               contact your BIOS vendor for an update

install utmp/wtmp​

apk add utmps
# /run/utmp
service utmpd start
service wtmpd start

ntpd​

# busybox openntpd chrony none
setup-ntp -c chrony
# 查看同步状态
adjtimex

# 停止旧的 ntpd
rc-update del ntpd
service ntpd stop

# busybox ntpd 手动同步
ntpd -dn -N -p pool.ntp.org
ntpd -dn -N -p 3.cn.pool.ntp.org