Tmux

tmux/tmux
- ISC, C
tmux.1
Cheat sheet
- https://gist.github.com/andreyvit/2921703
- https://gist.github.com/MohamedAlaa/2961058
参考
- iTerm2 tmux Integration Best Practices
主要对象
- session
- window
- pane
Prefix Key Ctrl+b
Command Mode

# 新建或 attach 到会话
tmux new -A -s main

tmuxrc new -A -s main # or tmuxrc

# 显示指定服务开启的会话
tmux -S /tmp/extratmuxserver/tmuxserver ls
# 创建新会话
tmux new -s myname
# Attach 到会话
tmux a -t myname
# 关闭会话
tmux kill-session -t myname

# 命令行控制
# ==========
# Zoom In
tmux list-panes -F '#F' | grep -q Z || tmux resize-pane -Z
# Zoom Out
tmux list-panes -F '#F' | grep -q Z && tmux resize-pane -Z

# session
tmux new -s session_name
tmux ls
tmux attach -t session_name

prefix key = Ctrl+b

Scope	Key	command	Description
Session	`Ctrl+b` `d`	`detach-client`	Detach current client
Window	`Ctrl+b` `c`	`new-window`	(create) 创建一个新窗口
	`Ctrl+b` `w`	`choose-window`	(windows) 列出所有窗口并进行选择
	`Ctrl+b` `p`	`previous-window`	(previous) 切换到上一个窗口
	`Ctrl+b` `n`	`next-window`	(next) 切换到下一个窗口
	`Ctrl+b` `&`	`kill-window`	关闭当前窗口
Pane	`Ctrl+b` `%`	`split-window -h`	垂直分割当前窗格
	`Ctrl+b` `"`	`split-window -v`	水平分割当前窗格
	`Ctrl+b` `<arrow_keys>`	`select-pane`	根据箭头方向在窗格间移动
	`Ctrl+b` `x`	`kill-pane`	关闭当前窗格

常用命令

set -g mouse on

# 使用 - | 来分割窗口
unbind %
bind | split-window -h

unbind '"'
bind - split-window -v

常用命令

split-window -h # 水平分割
split-window -v # 垂直分割

窗口管理

会话 - session
- 窗口 - window
  - 面板 - pane

# 隐藏面板
# 将当前面板放到后台（-d）窗口，显示相关信息（-P）
# 显示位置 例如 1:2.0 表示 会话:窗口.面板
break-pane -dP

# 恢复隐藏面板
# -v 水平分割 -s 来源面板
join-pane -vs 1:2.0

Commands

# 是其他链接全都 detach, 使得当前窗口能够最大化
# detach -> detach-client
detach -a

# 移动面板
# ==========
# 显示
bind-key j command-prompt -p "join pane from:" "join-pane -s '%%'"
# 隐藏
bind-key s command-prompt -p "send pane to:" "join-pane -t '%%'"

bind-key @ choose-window 'join-pane -h -s "%%"'
bind-key C-@ choose-window 'join-pane    -s "%%"'

# 添加到最近访问窗口
bind-key @ join-pane -h -s !

usage	for（说明）
Session 会话管理
`new-session (new) [-AdDEP] [-c start-directory] [-F format] [-n window-name] [-s session-name] [-t target-session] [-x width] [-y height] [command]`	新建会话
`attach-session (attach) [-dEr] [-c working-directory] [-t target-session]`	连接到一个会话
`kill-session [-aC] [-t target-session]`	关闭会话
`list-sessions (ls) [-F format]`	列出所有会话
`rename-session (rename) [-t target-session] new-name`	重命名会话
`has-session (has) [-t target-session]`	检查会话是否存在
Window 窗口管理
`new-window (neww) [-adkP] [-c start-directory] [-F format] [-n window-name] [-t target-window] [command]`	新建窗口
`kill-window (killw) [-a] [-t target-window]`	关闭窗口
`list-windows (lsw) [-a] [-F format] [-t target-session]`	列出所有窗口
`rename-window (renamew) [-t target-window] new-name`	重命名窗口
`select-window (selectw) [-lnpT] [-t target-window]`	选择窗口
`move-window (movew) [-dkr] [-s src-window] [-t dst-window]`	移动窗口
`swap-window (swapw) [-d] [-s src-window] [-t dst-window]`	交换窗口
`link-window (linkw) [-dk] [-s src-window] [-t dst-window]`	链接窗口到其他会话
`unlink-window (unlinkw) [-k] [-t target-window]`	取消窗口链接
`last-window (last) [-t target-session]`	切换到上一个窗口
`next-window (next) [-a] [-t target-session]`	切换到下一个窗口
`previous-window (prev) [-a] [-t target-session]`	切换到上一个窗口
`find-window (findw) [-CNT] [-t target-pane] match-string`	查找窗口
`select-layout (selectl) [-Enop] [-t target-pane] [layout-name]`	选择窗口布局
`next-layout (nextl) [-t target-window]`	下一个窗口布局
`previous-layout (prevl) [-t target-window]`	上一个窗口布局
`rotate-window (rotatew) [-DU] [-t target-window]`	旋转窗口布局
Pane 面板管理
`split-window (splitw) [-bdfhvP] [-c start-directory] [-F format] [-p percentage\|-l size] [-t target-pane] [command]`	分割面板
`kill-pane (killp) [-a] [-t target-pane]`	关闭面板
`list-panes (lsp) [-as] [-F format] [-t target-window]`	列出所有面板
`select-pane (selectp) [-DdegLlMmRU] [-P style] [-T title] [-t target-pane]`	选择面板
`move-pane (movep) [-bdhv] [-p percentage\|-l size] [-s src-pane] [-t dst-pane]`	移动面板
`swap-pane (swapp) [-dDU] [-s src-pane] [-t dst-pane]`	交换面板
`break-pane (breakp) [-dP] [-F format] [-n window-name] [-s src-pane] [-t dst-window]`	拆分面板到新窗口
`join-pane (joinp) [-bdhv] [-p percentage\|-l size] [-s src-pane] [-t dst-pane]`	合并面板
`last-pane (lastp) [-de] [-t target-window]`	切换到上一个面板
Buffer/Clipboard 缓冲区与剪贴板
`copy-mode [-Mu] [-t target-pane]`	进入复制模式
`paste-buffer (pasteb) [-dpr] [-s separator] [-b buffer-name] [-t target-pane]`	粘贴缓冲区内容
`list-buffers (lsb) [-F format]`	列出所有缓冲区
`save-buffer (saveb) [-a] [-b buffer-name] path`	保存缓冲区到文件
`load-buffer (loadb) [-b buffer-name] path`	从文件加载缓冲区
`delete-buffer (deleteb) [-b buffer-name]`	删除缓冲区
`set-buffer (setb) [-a] [-b buffer-name] [-n new-buffer-name] data`	设置缓冲区内容
`show-buffer (showb) [-b buffer-name]`	显示缓冲区内容
Client/Server 客户端与服务端
`detach-client (detach) [-aP] [-E shell-command] [-s target-session] [-t target-client]`	客户端断开连接
`list-clients (lsc) [-F format] [-t target-session]`	列出所有客户端
`kill-server`	关闭 tmux 服务端
`refresh-client (refresh) [-S] [-C size] [-t target-client]`	刷新客户端
`lock-client (lockc) [-t target-client]`	锁定客户端
`lock-server (lock)`	锁定服务端
`lock-session (locks) [-t target-session]`	锁定会话
`suspend-client (suspendc) [-t target-client]`	挂起客户端
`switch-client (switchc) [-Elnpr] [-c target-client] [-t target-session] [-T key-table]`	切换客户端
命令与配置
`bind-key (bind) [-cnr] [-T key-table] key command [arguments]`	绑定快捷键
`unbind-key (unbind) [-an] [-T key-table] key`	解绑快捷键
`command-prompt [-1Ni] [-I inputs] [-p prompts] [-t target-client] [template]`	命令提示
`run-shell (run) [-b] [-t target-pane] shell-command`	执行 shell 命令
`source-file (source) [-q] path`	加载配置文件
`set-option (set) [-aFgosquw] [-t target-window] option [value]`	设置选项
`set-window-option (setw) [-aFgoqu] [-t target-window] option [value]`	设置窗口选项
`show-options (show) [-gqsvw] [-t target-session\|target-window] [option]`	显示选项
`show-window-options (showw) [-gv] [-t target-window] [option]`	显示窗口选项
`set-environment (setenv) [-gru] [-t target-session] name [value]`	设置环境变量
`show-environment (showenv) [-gs] [-t target-session] [name]`	显示环境变量
`set-hook [-gu] [-t target-session] hook-name [command]`	设置钩子
`show-hooks [-g] [-t target-session]`	显示钩子
显示与消息
`display-message (display) [-p] [-c target-client] [-F format] [-t target-pane] [message]`	显示消息
`display-panes (displayp) [-d duration] [-t target-client]`	显示所有面板编号
`show-messages (showmsgs) [-JT] [-t target-client]`	显示历史消息
其它功能
`clear-history (clearhist) [-t target-pane]`	清除历史记录
`choose-buffer [-N] [-F format] [-f filter] [-O sort-order] [-t target-pane]`	选择缓冲区
`choose-client [-N] [-F format] [-f filter] [-O sort-order] [-t target-pane]`	选择客户端
`choose-tree [-GNsw] [-F format] [-f filter] [-O sort-order] [-t target-pane]`	选择树状结构
`clock-mode [-t target-pane]`	显示时钟
`pipe-pane (pipep) [-IOo] [-t target-pane] [command]`	面板输出重定向到命令
`wait-for (wait) [-L\|-S\|-U] channel`	等待事件
`start-server (start)`	启动 tmux 服务端
`respawn-pane (respawnp) [-c start-directory] [-k] [-t target-pane] [command]`	重新启动面板
`respawn-window (respawnw) [-c start-directory] [-k] [-t target-window] [command]`	重新启动窗口
`send-keys (send) [-lXRM] [-N repeat-count] [-t target-pane] key ...`	发送按键到面板
`send-prefix [-2] [-t target-pane]`	发送前缀键到面板

tmux.conf

new-session
# 启用鼠标
set -g mouse on
# 允许鼠标选择面板
set -g mouse-select-pane on
# 允许鼠标调整面板大小
set -g mouse-resize-pane on
# 允许滚动的历史
set -g history-limit 30000

##########################################
# 状态栏
# UTF8
set -g status-utf8 on
# vi Style Editing
# set -g status-keys vi
set -g status-interval 1
set -g status-attr bright
set -g status-fg white
set -g status-bg black
set -g status-left-length 20
set -g status-left '#[fg=green][#[fg=red]#S#[fg=green]]#[default]'
set -g status-justify centre
set -g status-right '#[fg=green][ %m/%d %H:%M:%S ]#[default]'
setw -g window-status-current-format '#[fg=yellow](#I.#P#F#W)#[default]'
setw -g window-status-format '#I#F#W'

##########################################
# 模拟终端标题
set -g set-titles on
set -g set-titles-string "#(tmux ls | awk -F: '{print $1}' | xargs | sed 's/\ / | /g')"

##########################################
# 按键绑定
# C-a = prefix
# 默认 Ctrl+b 为前缀 - 取消默认
unbind C-b
# 使用 Ctrl+a 为前缀
set -g prefix C-a

# 上一个窗口
unbind l
bind C-a last-window

# 下一个窗口
bind C-c new-window

# 复制模式
unbind [
bind Escape copy-mode

# 垂直分割
unbind %
bind | split-window -h

# 水平分割
unbind '"'
bind - split-window -v

# 选择窗口
bind '"' choose-window

# h = display cheatsheet
# bind h run "cat ~/.tmux_cheatsheet"

# r = tmux renumbering script
# unbind r
# bind r run "~/bin/tmux_renum"

# r = respawn after exit or disconnect (zombie)
bind C-r respawn-window

# k = kill after exit or disconnect (zombie)
bind C-k kill-window

##########################################
# 基础配置
# UTF8
setw -g utf8 on

# Allow xterm titles in terminal window, terminal scrolling with scrollbar, and setting overrides of C-Up, C-Down, C-Left, C-Right
#set -g terminal-overrides "xterm*:XT:smcup@:rmcup@:kUP5=\eOA:kDN5=\eOB:kLFT5=\eOD:kRIT5=\eOC"

# Set ability to capture on start and restore on exit window data when running an application
setw -g alternate-screen on

# Lower escape timing from 500ms to 50ms for quicker response to scroll-buffer access.
set -s escape-time 50

set -g status-interval 1
set -g status-justify centre # center align window list
set -g status-left-length 20
set -g status-right-length 140
set -g status-left '#[fg=green]#H #[fg=black]• #[fg=green,bright]#(uname -r | cut -c 1-6)#[default]'
set -g status-right '#[fg=green,bg=default,bright]#(tmux-mem-cpu-load 1) #[fg=red,dim,bg=default]#(uptime | cut -f 4-5 -d " " | cut -f 1 -d ",") #[fg=white,bg=default]%a%l:%M:%S %p#[default] #[fg=blue]%Y-%m-%d'

# C-b is not acceptable -- Vim uses it
set-option -g prefix C-a
bind-key C-a last-window

# Start numbering at 1
set -g base-index 1

# Allows for faster key repetition
set -s escape-time 0

# Rather than constraining window size to the maximum size of any client
# connected to the *session*, constrain window size to the maximum size of any
# client connected to *that window*. Much more reasonable.
# setw -g aggressive-resize on

# Allows us to use C-a a <command> to send commands to a TMUX session inside
# another TMUX session
bind-key a send-prefix

# Activity monitoring
setw -g monitor-activity on
set -g visual-activity on

# Vi copypaste mode
# set-window-option -g mode-keys vi
# bind-key -t vi-copy 'v' begin-selection
# bind-key -t vi-copy 'y' copy-selection

# hjkl 面板选择
bind h select-pane -L
bind j select-pane -D
bind k select-pane -U
bind l select-pane -R

bind-key C command-prompt -p "Name of new window: " "new-window -n '%%'"

# 配置重载
bind r source-file ~/.tmux.conf \; display-message "Config reloaded..."

# 自动重命名窗口
set-window-option -g automatic-rename
set -g allow-rename on

# https://github.com/edkolev/dots/blob/master/tmux.conf
# Updates for tmux 1.9's current pane splitting paths.
if-shell "[[ $(tmux -V) == *1.9* ]]" 'unbind c; bind c new-window -c "#{pane_current_path}"'
if-shell "[[ $(tmux -V) == *1.9* ]]" 'unbind s; bind s split-window -v -c "#{pane_current_path}"'
if-shell "[[ $(tmux -V) == *1.9* ]]" "unbind '\"'; bind '\"' split-window -v -c '#{pane_current_path}'"
if-shell "[[ $(tmux -V) == *1.9* ]]" 'unbind v; bind v split-window -h -c "#{pane_current_path}"'
if-shell "[[ $(tmux -V) == *1.9* ]]" 'unbind %; bind % split-window -h -c "#{pane_current_path}"'

# Use xterm flavor
# set -g default-terminal "xterm-256color"
# set -g xterm-keys o
setw -g xterm-keys on

# 同步面板操作
bind F2 setw synchronize-panes on
bind F3 setw synchronize-panes off

set -g default-terminal "xterm"

~/.tmux.conf

set -g mouse on
set -g mouse-select-pane on
set -g mouse-resize-pane on
set -g history-limit 30000

unbind %
bind | split-window -h

unbind '"'
bind - split-window -v

FAQ

窗口滚动

set -g mode-mouse on

选项变更

invalid option: mouse-select-pane                                                                                                                                                    [0/0]
invalid option: mouse-resize-pane
invalid option: status-utf8
invalid option: status-attr
invalid option: utf8

窗口管理​

Commands​

tmux.conf​

~/.tmux.conf​

FAQ

窗口滚动​

选项变更​

窗口管理

Commands

tmux.conf

~/.tmux.conf

窗口滚动

选项变更